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Start free with EleplanLeptospirosis
ORPHA:509Disease
What it is
An anthropozoonosis, rare in Europe, clinically characterized by an initial presentation of flu-like symptoms rapidly progressing into life-threatening multisystem failure (notably hepatonephritis) caused by spiral-shaped bacteria belonging to the genus Leptospira. Leptospirosis is a widespread zoonosis with a worldwide distribution and has emerged as a major public health problem in developing countries in South-East Asia and South America.
Key facts
- Prevalence
- 1-9 / 1 000 000 (annual incidence, Europe)
- Age of onset
- All ages
- Inheritance
- Not applicable
- Classified as
- Disease
Prevalence figures describe populations, not individuals, and are often estimates from a single study. Where the figure is an incidence or a birth prevalence, it says so.
Signs and symptoms
Common30–79%
12Sometimes5–29%
18- Acute kidney injury
- Cellular urinary casts
- Chills
- Cough
- Diarrhea
- First degree atrioventricular block
- Hemoptysis
- Hepatitis
and 10 more in this range
Rare1–4%
10- Arrhythmia
- Chorioretinitis
- Macular cotton wool spot
- Optic neuritis
- Papilledema
- Pericarditis
- Retinal hemorrhage
- Rhabdomyolysis
and 2 more in this range
These ranges are how often a sign appears across everyone diagnosed, not a prediction for one person — most people have some of these and not others. Orphanet also records findings that are specifically absent in this disease; those are in the data but not listed here.
ICD-10 codes
Cross-references
Orphadata Science: Free access data from Orphanet. © INSERM 1999. Data version 2026-06-23. Available under CC BY 4.0. This is a reference, not medical advice.
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