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Start free with EleplanBranchioskeletogenital syndrome
ORPHA:1299Malformation syndrome
Also called BSG syndrome · Elsahy-Waters syndrome
What it is
Branchioskeletogenital syndrome is a rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by moderate intellectual disability, distinctive craniofacial features (including brachycephaly, facial asymmetry, marked hypertelorism, blepharochalasis, proptosis, a broad nose with concave nasal ridge and bulbous nasal tip, midface hypoplasia, bifid uvula or partial cleft palate, and prognathism), progressive dental anomalies (dentigerous cysts, radicular dentin dysplasia and early tooth loss), vertebral fusions (particularly of C2-C3), and hypospadias. Hearing loss is an additional observed feature.
Key facts
- Prevalence
- <1 / 1 000 000
- Age of onset
- Neonatal
- Inheritance
- Autosomal recessive, X-linked dominant
- Classified as
- Malformation syndrome
Prevalence figures describe populations, not individuals, and are often estimates from a single study. Where the figure is an incidence or a birth prevalence, it says so.
Signs and symptoms
Very common80–99%
37- Abnormality of dentin
- Abnormality of the dentition
- Abnormality of the sella turcica
- Abnormality of the vertebral spinous processes
- Abnormal midface morphology
- Advanced pneumatization of the mastoid process
- Attached earlobe
- Bifid uvula
- Blepharochalasis
- Brachycephaly
- Broad nasal tip
- Carious teeth
- Depressed nasal bridge
- Downturned corners of mouth
- Flat face
- High forehead
- Highly arched eyebrow
- Hypertelorism
- Hypoplasia of the maxilla
- Intellectual disability, moderate
- Large earlobe
- Mandibular prognathia
- Microcephaly
- Micropenis
- Pectus excavatum
- Penoscrotal hypospadias
- Periorbital wrinkles
- Pointed chin
- Proptosis
- Rootless teeth
- Short neck
- Strabismus
- Submucous cleft hard palate
- Synophrys
- Telecanthus
- Thickened calvaria
- Unilateral cleft palate
Common30–79%
8These ranges are how often a sign appears across everyone diagnosed, not a prediction for one person — most people have some of these and not others. Orphanet also records findings that are specifically absent in this disease; those are in the data but not listed here.
Gene
ICD-10 codes
ICD-10 has no distinct code for most rare diseases, so many are filed under the nearest available one. A shared code identifies the group, not this disease — the ORPHAcode above is what identifies it.
Related health topics
Reached through the ICD-10 categories this disease is filed under, so these describe the broader group rather than this disease specifically.
Cross-references
Orphadata Science: Free access data from Orphanet. © INSERM 1999. Data version 2026-06-23. Available under CC BY 4.0. This is a reference, not medical advice.
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