Classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency

What it is

A form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) characterized by simple virilizing or salt wasting forms that can manifest with abnormal genital development with variable levels of virilization in females and with adrenal insufficiency in both sexes, and that presents with dehydration and hypoglycemia (which can be lethal if left untreated) in the neonatal period, as well as hyperandrogenemia.

Key facts

Prevalence

1-9 / 100 000 (Europe)

Age of onset

Adolescent, Adult, Antenatal, Childhood, Infancy, Neonatal

Inheritance

Autosomal recessive

Classified as

Disease

Prevalence figures describe populations, not individuals, and are often estimates from a single study. Where the figure is an incidence or a birth prevalence, it says so.

Signs and symptoms

These ranges are how often a sign appears across everyone diagnosed, not a prediction for one person — most people have some of these and not others. Orphanet also records findings that are specifically absent in this disease; those are in the data but not listed here.

Genes reported in subtypes

Orphanet records this gene on 2 more specific entries under this disorder, not on this entry itself:

A well-studied disease is usually split into subtypes, and the gene is curated on whichever one the evidence belongs to. Open a subtype to see which gene goes with it.

ICD-10 codes

ICD-10 has no distinct code for most rare diseases, so many are filed under the nearest available one. A shared code identifies the group, not this disease — the ORPHAcode above is what identifies it.

Cross-references