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Start free with EleplanSensory ataxic neuropathy-dysarthria-ophthalmoparesis syndrome
ORPHA:70595Disease
Also called SANDO
What it is
A rare mitochondrial disease characterized by adult onset of the triad of sensory ataxic neuropathy, dysarthria, and ophthalmoparesis. Additional signs and symptoms are highly variable and include myopathy, seizures, and hearing loss, among others. Brain imaging may show cerebellar white matter abnormalities and/or bilateral thalamic lesions.
Key facts
- Age of onset
- Adult
- Inheritance
- Autosomal recessive
- Classified as
- Disease
Signs and symptoms
Common30–79%
21- Abnormal morphology of the cerebellar cortex
- Abnormal thalamic MRI signal intensity
- Abnormal vestibular function
- Atrophy/Degeneration involving the spinal cord
- Bilateral sensorineural hearing impairment
- DysarthriaDiagnostic criterion
- Gait ataxia
- Hyporeflexia
- Impaired distal proprioception
- Impaired vibratory sensation
- Increased circulating lactate concentration
- Increased variability in muscle fiber diameter
- Myoclonus
- Nystagmus
- OphthalmoparesisDiagnostic criterion
- Positive Romberg sign
- Proximal muscle weakness
- Ptosis
- Ragged-red muscle fibers
- Sensory ataxic neuropathyDiagnostic criterion
- Upgaze palsy
Sometimes5–29%
10- Areflexia
- Cataract
- Cognitive impairment
- Depression
- Dilated cardiomyopathy
- Gastroparesis
- Intestinal pseudo-obstruction
- Memory impairment
and 2 more in this range
These ranges are how often a sign appears across everyone diagnosed, not a prediction for one person — most people have some of these and not others. Orphanet also records findings that are specifically absent in this disease; those are in the data but not listed here.
Genes
ICD-10 codes
ICD-10 has no distinct code for most rare diseases, so many are filed under the nearest available one. A shared code identifies the group, not this disease — the ORPHAcode above is what identifies it.
Related health topics
Reached through the ICD-10 categories this disease is filed under, so these describe the broader group rather than this disease specifically.
Benefit programs to look at
Programs whose eligibility touches the same ICD-10 categories. Eligibility is decided by the administering agency, never by this page.
Cross-references
Orphadata Science: Free access data from Orphanet. © INSERM 1999. Data version 2026-06-23. Available under CC BY 4.0. This is a reference, not medical advice.
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