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ORPHA:468678Disease
Also called Intellectual disability-microcephaly-strabismus-behavioral abnormalities syndrome
What it is
A rare, genetic, syndromic intellectual disability disorder characterized by craniofacial features, global developmental delay, intellectual disability and variable neurobehavioral abnormalities (autism spectrum disorder, aggressiveness, and self-injury). Additional features include vision abnormalities and variable sensorineural hearing loss, as well as short stature, hypotonia and gastrointestinal manifestations (e.g. poor feeding, gastroesophageal reflux, constipation).
Key facts
- Prevalence
- <1 / 1 000 000
- Age of onset
- Antenatal, Infancy, Neonatal
- Inheritance
- Autosomal dominant
- Classified as
- Disease
Prevalence figures describe populations, not individuals, and are often estimates from a single study. Where the figure is an incidence or a birth prevalence, it says so.
Signs and symptoms
Common30–79%
17- Abnormal facial shape
- Abnormality of the gastrointestinal tract
- Autistic behavior
- Delayed speech and language development
- Feeding difficulties
- Feeding difficulties in infancy
- Floppy infant
- Hyperactivity
- Hypermetropia
- Hypertelorism
- Intellectual disability, mild
- Microcephaly
- Obesity
- Severe expressive language delay
- Short stature
- Sleep abnormality
- Visual impairment
Sometimes5–29%
20- Abnormality of the outer ear
- Abnormal repetitive mannerisms
- Absent speech
- Aggressive behavior
- Astigmatism
- Brachycephaly
- Chronic constipation
- EEG abnormality
and 12 more in this range
These ranges are how often a sign appears across everyone diagnosed, not a prediction for one person — most people have some of these and not others. Orphanet also records findings that are specifically absent in this disease; those are in the data but not listed here.
Gene
ICD-10 codes
ICD-10 has no distinct code for most rare diseases, so many are filed under the nearest available one. A shared code identifies the group, not this disease — the ORPHAcode above is what identifies it.
Related health topics
Reached through the ICD-10 categories this disease is filed under, so these describe the broader group rather than this disease specifically.
Cross-references
Orphadata Science: Free access data from Orphanet. © INSERM 1999. Data version 2026-06-23. Available under CC BY 4.0. This is a reference, not medical advice.
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