Rare diseases · Sign or symptom
Small for gestational age
Birth weight less than 10th percentile
HP:0001518
What it means
Smaller than normal size according to sex and gestational age related norms, defined as a weight below the 10th percentile for the gestational age.
Rare diseases that can present with this104
Very common80–99%
24- 20q13.33microdeletion syndrome
- Bloom syndrome
- Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
- Developmental delay-language impairment-dopa responsive dystonia-parkinsonism syndrome due to 2q24 microdeletion
- Diethylstilbestrol syndrome
- Distal deletion 15q syndrome
- Familial hyperthyroidism due to mutations in TSH receptor
- Floating-Harbor syndrome
- Growth delay due to insulin-like growth factor type 1 deficiency
- Haddad syndrome
- Lipodystrophy-intellectual disability-deafness syndrome
- Neonatal Marfan syndrome
- Placental insufficiency
- Primary microcephaly-mild intellectual disability-young-onset diabetes syndrome
- Progeria-short stature-pigmented nevi syndrome
- Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1-alpha deficiency
- Retinopathy of prematurity
- Schisis association
- Sepsis in premature infants
- Silver-Russell syndrome due to an imprinting defect of 11p15
- Silver-Russell syndrome due to a point mutation
- Temple syndrome
- Transient neonatal diabetes mellitus
- Trisomy 10p syndrome
Common30–79%
44- 15q24microdeletion syndrome
- Acrootoocular syndrome
- Alacrimia-choreoathetosis-liver dysfunction syndrome
- Autism spectrum disorder due to AUTS2 deficiency
- Bartter syndrome type 4
- COG7-CDG
- Congenital analbuminemia
- Congenital tricuspid valve dysplasia
- CTCF-related neurodevelopmental disorder
- Diamond-Blackfan anemia
- DYRK1A-related intellectual disability syndrome
- DYRK1A-related intellectual disability syndrome due to 21q22.13q22.2 microdeletion
- Hydrops fetalis
- Intellectual disability syndrome due to a DYRK1A point mutation
- Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type II
- Maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 20 syndrome
- Mosaic trisomy 16 syndrome
- Necrotizing enterocolitis
- Oligomeganephronia
- Pancreatic agenesis-holoprosencephaly syndrome
- Pancreatic hypoplasia-diabetes-congenital heart disease syndrome
- Parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis
- Pearson syndrome
- Pierpont syndrome
- Ring chromosome 15 syndrome
- Robinow syndrome
- Rothmund-Thomson syndrome
- Rothmund-Thomson syndrome type 1
- Rothmund-Thomson syndrome type 2
- Severe X-linked intellectual disability, Gustavson type
- Silver-Russell syndrome due to 11p15 microduplication
- Silver-Russell syndrome due to 7p11.2p13 microduplication
- Silver-Russell syndrome due to maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 11
- Silver-Russell syndrome due to maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 7
- SIX2-related frontonasal dysplasia
- SPONASTRIME dysplasia
- Spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia with joint laxity, leptodactylic type
- Temple syndrome due to maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 14
- Trichohepatoenteric syndrome
- Trichomegaly-retina pigmentary degeneration-dwarfism syndrome
- Trigonocephaly-short stature-developmental delay syndrome
- X-linked intellectual disability, Seemanova type
- X-linked intellectual disability, Stocco Dos Santos type
- X-linked intellectual disability, Sutherland-Haan type
Sometimes5–29%
12- 8q24.3microdeletion syndrome
- ALG8-CDG
- Autosomal recessive myogenic arthrogryposis multiplex congenita
- B4GALT1-CDG
- Brucellosis
- Congenital insensitivity to pain with severe intellectual disability
- Congenitally uncorrected transposition of the great arteries
- Dopa-responsive dystonia due to sepiapterin reductase deficiency
and 4 more in this range
The range is how often this sign appears among people diagnosed with each disease — it is not a probability of having any of them. Many of these signs also occur in common, non-rare conditions. A sign on this page is a conversation to have with a clinician, not a conclusion.
Part of the broader category
Also called: Low birth weight
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Start free with EleplanThis page uses the Human Phenotype Ontology (2026-06-23) — Human Phenotype Ontology Consortium, hpo.jax.org. Disease associations from Orphanet (INSERM), CC BY 4.0. Content is educational and is not medical advice.