Increased cup-to-disc ratio

What it means

An elevation in the ratio of the diameter of the cup of the optic disc to the total diameter of the disk. The optic disc has an orange-pink rim with a pale center (the cup) that does not contain neuroretinal tissue. An increase in this ratio therefore may indicate a decrease in the quantity of healthy neuroretinal cells.

A cup to disk ratio of 0.3 is generally considered normal. Note that the ratio is measured in the vertical orientation unless otherwise specified.

Rare diseases that can present with this3

The range is how often this sign appears among people diagnosed with each disease — it is not a probability of having any of them. Many of these signs also occur in common, non-rare conditions. A sign on this page is a conversation to have with a clinician, not a conclusion.

Part of the broader category

Also called: Elevated cup to disc ratio · Elevated cup to disk ratio · Increased cup disc ratio · Increased cup disk ratio · Optic cupping