Rare diseases · Sign or symptom
Gingival overgrowth
Gum enlargement
HP:0000212
What it means
Hyperplasia of the gingiva (that is, a thickening of the soft tissue overlying the alveolar ridge. The degree of thickening ranges from involvement of the interdental papillae alone to gingival overgrowth covering the entire tooth crown.
This finding is to be distinguished from overgrowth of the alveolar ridge.
Rare diseases that can present with this67
Very common80–99%
17- Aspartylglucosaminuria
- Axial mesodermal dysplasia spectrum
- Cohen syndrome
- C syndrome
- DOORS syndrome
- Enamel-renal syndrome
- FGFR2-related bent bone dysplasia
- Focal palmoplantar and gingival keratoderma
- Gingival fibromatosis-facial dysmorphism syndrome
- Gingival fibromatosis-progressive deafness syndrome
- Hereditary gingival fibromatosis
- Hereditary mucoepithelial dysplasia
- Infantile systemic hyalinosis
- Mucolipidosis type II
- Oculodental syndrome, Rutherfurd type
- Paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 6 syndrome
- RIN2 syndrome
Common30–79%
24- 20q11.2microduplication syndrome
- Alpha-mannosidosis
- Autosomal dominant Robinow syndrome
- Autosomal recessive Robinow syndrome
- Cartilage-hair hypoplasia
- Cleft palate-large ears-small head syndrome
- Dermatosparaxis Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
- Frank-Ter Haar syndrome
- Gingival fibromatosis-hypertrichosis syndrome
- Global developmental delay-visual anomalies-progressive cerebellar atrophy-truncal hypotonia syndrome
- GM1 gangliosidosis
- Hennekam syndrome
- Hypoplasminogenemia
- Keppen-Lubinsky syndrome
- Lathosterolosis
- Mucolipidosis type III alpha/beta
- Mucopolysaccharidosis type 1
- Mucopolysaccharidosis type 2
- Osteosclerotic bone dysplasia
- Otodental syndrome
- PEHO syndrome
- Recombinant 8 syndrome
- Short stature-brachydactyly-obesity-global developmental delay syndrome
- Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome
Sometimes5–29%
24- Acute promyelocytic leukemia
- Congenital progressive bone marrow failure-B-cell immunodeficiency-skeletal dysplasia syndrome
- Dystonia-aphonia syndrome
- Fountain syndrome
- GM1 gangliosidosis type 1
- H syndrome
- Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
- Hypertrichosis lanuginosa congenita
and 16 more in this range
The range is how often this sign appears among people diagnosed with each disease — it is not a probability of having any of them. Many of these signs also occur in common, non-rare conditions. A sign on this page is a conversation to have with a clinician, not a conclusion.
Part of the broader category
Also called: Gingival enlargement · Gingival hyperplasia · Gum hypertrophy · Hypertrophic gingivitis · Oral soft tissue hyperplasia
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Start free with EleplanThis page uses the Human Phenotype Ontology (2026-06-23) — Human Phenotype Ontology Consortium, hpo.jax.org. Disease associations from Orphanet (INSERM), CC BY 4.0. Content is educational and is not medical advice.