Infantile cerebellar-retinal degeneration

What it is

A rare neurometabolic disease characterized by infantile onset truncal ataxia/hypotonia, athetosis, generalized seizures and ophthalmologic abnormalities notably optic atrophy and retinal degeneration (strabismus, nystagmus, abnormal eye movements, and abnormal pursuit can also be present). Additional clinical features may include cerebral changes (thinning of the corpus callosum, dysmyelination, and frontal and temporal cortical atrophy), severely delayed global and psychomotor development with profound intellectual disability, failure to thrive, muscle atrophy and hyperreflexia. Most patients are not able to walk. Some patients may have milder and variable phenotype including mild developmental delay, ataxia and behavioral abnormalities. Short stature, moderate to severe sensorineural hearing loss, dysmorphic facial features (including prominent forehead, downslanting palpebral fissures, droopy eyelids, bifid uvula, submucous cleft palate) are also reported in some patients.

Key facts

Prevalence

<1 / 1 000 000

Age of onset

Infancy, Neonatal

Inheritance

Autosomal recessive

Classified as

Disease

Prevalence figures describe populations, not individuals, and are often estimates from a single study. Where the figure is an incidence or a birth prevalence, it says so.

Gene

ICD-10 codes

ICD-10 has no distinct code for most rare diseases, so many are filed under the nearest available one. A shared code identifies the group, not this disease — the ORPHAcode above is what identifies it.

Related health topics

Reached through the ICD-10 categories this disease is filed under, so these describe the broader group rather than this disease specifically.

Cross-references