Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program

Support research and product development to strengthen the nation’s preparedness for radiological and nuclear emergencies. Its primary objective is to develop safe and effective approaches prevent, reduce, or treat injuries caused by exposure to ionizing radiation resulting from incidents such as nuclear accidents, terrorist attacks involving radiological or nuclear devices, or other large-scale radiation emergencies. The program funds research to improve the understanding of how radiation affects the human body and to identify new therapies that can lessen both the immediate and long-term health effects of radiation exposure. This includes developing treatments for 1) acute radiation syndrome (ARS), 2) delayed effects of acute radiation exposure (DEARE), and 3) radioactive particle (radionuclide) contamination of the body. In addition, the program supports the development of biodosimetry technologies that rapidly assess radiation exposure levels, enabling healthcare providers and emergency responders to identify individuals who require immediate medical intervention. A key focus of the RNCP is translating promising scientific discoveries into medical products that can be manufactured, evaluated in preclinical and clinical studies. The program collaborates with academic institutions, biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies, other federal agencies, and international partners to accelerate the development of these medical countermeasures. By advancing innovative therapies and diagnostic tools, the RNCP helps ensure that the United States is better prepared to respond effectively to radiological and nuclear public health emergencies while reducing illness, saving lives, and strengthening national health security.