CLN1 disease

What it is

A rare neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis characterized by developmental delay, psychomotor regression, hypotonia, seizures, ataxia, movement disorders and visual impairment. It may present classically with infantile-onset (6-18 months) however late infantile (18 months-4 years), juvenile (4 years-early adolescence) or adult-onset (mid 20s-mid 30s) have also been described. Disease progression is rapid in both infantile/late infantile onset patients, manifesting with progressive and rapid loss of speech, early cognitive and motor decline, impaired gait function, myoclonus, vision loss (observed bit later in late infantile form) and brain atrophy. Infantile form is characterized by a short lifespan preceeded by a relatively long steady progression following the rapid decline. Disease progression is slow in juvenile-onset and protracted in adult-onset patients. Psychosis in juvenile-onset patients, depression and parkinsonism in adult-onset patients are reported in addition to the common clinical symptoms.

Key facts

Prevalence

<1 / 1 000 000

Age of onset

Infancy

Inheritance

Autosomal recessive

Classified as

Disease

Prevalence figures describe populations, not individuals, and are often estimates from a single study. Where the figure is an incidence or a birth prevalence, it says so.

Genes reported in subtypes

Orphanet records this gene on 4 more specific entries under this disorder, not on this entry itself:

A well-studied disease is usually split into subtypes, and the gene is curated on whichever one the evidence belongs to. Open a subtype to see which gene goes with it.

ICD-10 codes

ICD-10 has no distinct code for most rare diseases, so many are filed under the nearest available one. A shared code identifies the group, not this disease — the ORPHAcode above is what identifies it.

Related health topics

Reached through the ICD-10 categories this disease is filed under, so these describe the broader group rather than this disease specifically.

Cross-references